Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) - Martinique (2006)

Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) z Martinique (2006)

	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)	Martinique (2006)

Administrative divisions	-	none (overseas department of France)
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 22.1% (male 48,988/female 47,525) 15-64 years: 67.3% (male 147,082/female 146,470) 65 years and over: 10.6% (male 20,791/female 25,275) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables, sugarcane
Airports	-	2 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of 11 islands	total: 1,100 sq km land: 1,060 sq km water: 40 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Rhode Island	slightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The islands, which have large bird and seal populations, lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 - except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. Recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 nm to 200 nm around each island.	The French began to settle this island in 1635, overcoming resistance from the local Carib inhabitants. In 1660, the suviving natives were rounded up and permanently expelled. The island has subsequently remained a French possession except for three brief periods of foreign occupation.
Birth rate	-	13.74 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $317.5 million expenditures: $317.5 million; including capital expenditures of $140 million (1996)
Capital	-	name: Fort-de-France geographic coordinates: 14 36 N, 61 05 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow	tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid
Coastline	NA km	350 km
Constitution	-	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none abbreviation: SGSSI	conventional long form: Department of Martinique conventional short form: Martinique local long form: Departement de la Martinique local short form: Martinique
Death rate	-	6.48 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external	-	$180 million (1994)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II	overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force	none
Economic aid - recipient	-	$NA; note - substantial annual aid from France (1998)
Economy - overview	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.	The economy is based on sugarcane, bananas, tourism, and light industry. Agriculture accounts for about 6% of GDP and the small industrial sector for 11%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism, which employs more than 11,000 people, has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange.
Electricity - consumption	-	1.12 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production	-	1.205 billion kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Montagne Pelee 1,397 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	-	African and African-white-Indian mixture 90%, white 5%, East Indian and Chinese less than 5%
Exchange rates	-	euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)
Executive branch	-	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995); Prefect Yves DASSONVILLE (since 14 January 2004); note - took office 8 February 2004 head of government: President of the General Council Claude LISE (since 22 March 1992); President of the Regional Council Alfred MARIE-JEANNE (since NA March 1998) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils for six-year terms
Exports	-	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	-	refined petroleum products, bananas, rum, pineapples
Exports - partners	-	France 45%, Guadeloupe 28% (2004)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land)	unofficial flag, derives from the civil ensign flown by French merchant ships and dates to 1766; a blue field quartered by a white cross; in the center of each rectangle is a white, coiled snake representing the venomous Fer-de-lance; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 6% industry: 11% services: 83% (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA%
Geographic coordinates	54 30 S, 37 00 W	14 40 N, 61 00 W
Geography - note	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 20th century, live on South Georgia	the island is dominated by Mount Pelee, which on 8 May 1902 erupted and completely destroyed the city of Saint Pierre, killing 30,000 inhabitants
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for the US and Europe
Imports	-	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	-	petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods
Imports - partners	-	France 62%, Venezuela 6%, Germany 4%, Italy 4%, US 3% (2004)
Independence	-	none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	-	construction, rum, cement, oil refining, sugar, tourism
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 6.95 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.68 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	NA
International organization participation	-	UPU, WCL, WFTU
Irrigated land	0 sq km	70 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	-	Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel
Labor force	-	165,900 (1998)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture: 10% industry: 17% services: 73% (1997)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2005)	arable land: 9.09% permanent crops: 10% other: 80.91% (2005)
Languages	-	French, Creole patois
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court	French legal system
Legislative branch	-	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held March 2000 (next to be held in 2006); Regional Council - last held on 28 March 2004 (next to be held by March 2010) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - left-wing candidates 13, PPM 11, RPR 6, right-wing candidates 5, PCM 3, UDF 3, PMS 2, independents 2; note - the PPM won a plurality; Regional Council (second round) - percent of vote by party - MIM 53.8%, PPM 30.6%; seats by party - MIM 28, PPM 9, other 4 note: Martinique elects 2 seats to the French Senate; elections last held September 2004 (next to be held September 2008); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PPM 1, left-wing candidate 1; Martinique also elects 4 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held not later than June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, PMS 1, MIM 1, left-wing candidate 1 (candidacy of the left-wing candidate was found invalid by the Constitutional Council; new elections will be called)
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 79.18 years male: 79.5 years female: 78.85 years (2006 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.7% male: 97.4% female: 98.1% (2003 est.)
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America	Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
Map references	Antarctic Region	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	-	no regular military forces; Gendarmerie
National holiday	-	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	-	noun: Martiniquais (singular and plural) adjective: Martiniquais
Natural hazards	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism	hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years)
Natural resources	fish	coastal scenery and beaches, cultivable land
Net migration rate	-	-0.03 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	Martinique Communist Party or PCM [Georges ERICHOT]; Martinique Independence Movement or MIM [Alfred MARIE-JEANNE]; Martinique Progressive Party or PPM [Pierre SUEDILE]; Martinique Socialist Party or PMS [Ernest WAN-AJOUHU]; Movement of Democrats and Ecologists for a Sovereign Martinique or Modemas [Garcin MALSA]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Michel CHARLONE]; Socialist Revolution Group or GRS [Philippe PIERRE-CHARLES]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Jean MAREN]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC; Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM [Marc PULVAR]; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action Group or GAP
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001 replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited	436,131 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-	0.72% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	0 (2003)	AM 0, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	-	Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 10.5%, Muslim 0.5%, Hindu 0.5%, other 3.5% (1997)
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken	general assessment: domestic facilities are adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 596; microwave radio relay to Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Saint Lucia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	-	172,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	319,900 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	0 (2003)	11 (plus nine repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes	mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano
Total fertility rate	-	1.79 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	27.2% (1998)

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